We identified 25 citations from five predominantly Western countries, describing various models of care, including screening services, role substitution, consultative services, and online-based services. These models generally improved the quality of healthcare across most domains, with effectiveness being the most frequently reported benefit, though safety was not commonly addressed.
The review concludes that while multiple models are in use and appear to improve care quality, it is unclear if any single model is superior. This highlights the need for further research to explore the effectiveness of different models.
Reference: Gosse G, Kumar S, Banwell H, Moran A. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2024; 21 (4):507.